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KMID : 0613820190290121371
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Journal of Life Science
2019 Volume.29 No. 12 p.1371 ~ p.1377
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Effects of Flavonoids and Their Glycosides on Oxidative Stress in C6 Glial Cells
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Kim Ji-Hyun
Kim Hyun-Young
Cho Eun-Ju
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Abstract
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Oxidative stress induced by the over-production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the brain is the most common cause of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s. In the present study, we investigated the protective effects of flavonoids and their glycosides, namely kaempferol, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, quercetin, and quercetin-3-β-D-glucoside, against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in the C6 glial cells. The H2O2-treated glial cells exhibited decreased cell viability and increased ROS production when compared with normal cells. However, cells treated with each of the four flavonoids/ glycosides demonstrated significantly increased viability and suppressed ROS production when compared with the H2O2-treated control group. These results indicate that flavonoids/glycosides attenuate oxidative stress induced by H2O2 in C6 glial cells. To confirm the protective molecular mechanisms, we measured pro-inflammatory factors such as inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, and interleukin-1β. H2O2 treatment was seen to elevate these factors and decrease IκB-α in the C6 glial cells, while the flavonoids/glycosides induced a down-regulation of the pro-inflammatory factors and increased IκB-α, indicating a neuroprotective effects through attenuation of the inflammation. In particular, quercetin and its glycoside showed a higher neuroprotective effect than the kaempferol treatments. These results suggest that these flavonoids and their glycosides could be promising therapeutic agents for neurodegenerative diseases via the attenuation of oxidative stress.
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KEYWORD
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Kaempferol, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, oxidative stress, quercetin, quercetin-3-β-D-glucoside
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